Veda-s accord supreme importance to leadership qualities. Requirements of a leader as defined in Veda-s are so elaborate and comprehensive that it may well be called the ultimate treatise on leadership management. These were defined by our Rsi-s / Muni-s and Maharsi-s thousands of years back !! And bodies like Harward / Kellogg… Business Schools have been teaching leadership qualities as if these were discovered by their snooty professors !! They claim to be leader of leaders !!
We shall enumerate those mandates of leadership qualities as envisaged in Vedic wisdom –
Leadership is to be bestowed upon someone who deserves in an appropriate manner.
(Vaj Sam x-4)
One shall offer good leadership. (Tai Sam ii-6-12)
Leader must be famous for great deeds. (RgV Sam Vi-32-3)
He possesses several glories. (Ran Sam i-5-2-3-4, RgV Sam ix-94-4)
He excels. He is successful through his aura and wise through his mental faculties.
( RgV Sam -12-1)
Vedic leadership traits may be classified as under –
Efficiency Traits
Emotional Traits
Ethical Traits
We shall now elaborate these traits one by one.
Efficiency Trait – Courage
He is strong and tames even the fierce. (RgV Sam ii-23-11)
He is the bold hero who drives the arrogant away. (RgV Sam ii-26-2)
He helps others in overcoming encounters. (RgV Sam ii-40-5)
He destroys the counsel of the niggard. (RgV Sam iii-58-2)
He combats and accomplishes that is yet undone. (RgV Sam iv-18-2)
He is strong and mighty. (RgV Sam vi-18-4)
He is the shaker of firm things. (RgV Sam vi-18-5)
He is a valiant hero. (RgV Sam viii-24-27)
He is steadfast, does not bend to the strong or to the bold. (RgV Sam vi-24-8)
He stands up erect to assist others. (RgV Sam vi-24-9)
He makes firm all that is weak in subordinates. (RgV Sam vi-46-6)
He passes lightly over distress. (RgV Sam viii-43-30)
He stands apart and is peerless. (RgV Sam viii-51-2)
He wins even with a steed of worthless sort. (RgV Sam viii-51-3)
All mighty deeds rest with him. (RgV Sam viii-52-6)
He is mighty and impetuous. (RgV Sam viii-65-5)
He is bold. (Vaj Sam i-17)
He overcomes all obstacles. (Tai Sam iv-1-7)
The leader repels foe who is superior, surpasses him who is like and the inferior who does not equal him. (Tai Sam ii-4-2)
He leads others to victory. (Tai Sam i-7-5)
He leads one to the path from the trackless way. (Tai Sam ii-2-2)
Even with the weak, he does the unrivalled accomplishments : with a goat he kills a lion, he challenges pillar with a needle. (RgV Sam vii-18-17)
He arouses courage. His deeds and means are pure. (RgV Sam ix-35-4)
He is mightier than the strongest and valiant. (RgV Sam ix-66-17)
He slays the unrighteous and pervert. (RgV Sam x-27-1)
One fears him as the mightiest. (RgV Sam x-92-8)
He is foe-less and free. (RgV Sam x-92-14)
He is unperturbed. (RgV Sam x-6-3)
He slays the wicked. (Vaj Sam xxvi-10)
He is a warrior, strong in truth. (RgV Sam x-112-10)
He tactfully handles all encounters. He is full of vigour. (RgV Sam viii-86-10)
He is a wondrous hero. (RgV Sam viii-86-15)
He has heroic and winning strength. (RgV Sam x-47-4)
He is firm and steady. (AtV Sam vi-87-1)
He is subdues enemies. (Mah Upa i-42)
He is firm and steadfast. (Vaj Sam ix-22)
He drives away even the mighty. (Ran Sam i-3-1-1-7)
He is strong by splendour. (Ran Sam i-5-2-5-4)
Efficiency Trait – Vigour
He is endowed with vigorous energy. (RgV Sam vi-24-4)
He shows his vigour. (RgV Sam iv-29-3)
He is the motivator with ceaseless strength. (RgV Sam viii-88-7)
He bestows a joyful mind and energy upon others. (RgV Sam x-25-1)
He knows the truth and is never idle. He wins and donates wealth desired by many.
(RgV Sam x-55-6)
He never slumbers. (RgV Sam x-63-4)
He is steadfast. (RgV Sam x-173-4)
He is great, energetic and mighty. (RgV Sam vi-32-1)
He is firm and does not totter. (Vaj Sam i-9)
He is most active. (Ran Sam i-6-1-2-12)
Efficiency Trait – Listening
He is swift to hear calls of his followers. (RgV Sam iv-1-5)
He lends ear and listens to other’s calls quickly. (RgV Sam iv-9-7, RgV Sam v-54-14)
He hears the words of his subordinates. (RgV Sam vii-23-1)
He listens to the calls of others. (Vaj Sam iii-26)
Efficiency Trait – Motivation
He stirs people to labour. (RgV Sam iii-59-1)
He is stirrer of thoughts. (RgV Sam viii-46-19)
He stimulates. (Tai Sam i-1-6)
He makes others better than what they are. (RgV Sam ix-4-1)
He inspires thoughts of others. (RgV Sam x-139-5)
Efficiency Trait – Power
He comes with power. (Vaj Sam xxvii-14)
He has power which none can bend. (RgV Sam iii-62-5)
He is firm. (Tai Sam i-1-7)
He is not assailable and cannot be overpowered. (Tai Sam iv-1-7)
He is a powerful hero. (Vaj Sam vii-39)
He shares his powers, benevolence and abundant strength. (RgV Sam i-17-4)
He has providence and power. (RgV Sam ii-29-2)
He avoids destructive powers. (RgV Sam viii-24-24)
All are his power. (Ran Sam i-2-1-4-2)
Efficiency Trait – Wisdom
He sharpens thoughts of his subordinates like an iron-blade. (RgV Sam vi-47-10)
He is full of wisdom. (RgV Sam vi-71-1)
He gives wisdom to others and guides them. (RgV Sam vii-32-26)
He is brilliant. (Tai Sam i-1-10)
He attends great assemblies. (RgV Sam ix-92-6)
He is a path-maker with thousand ways and roars on thousand paths.
(RgV Sam ix-106-5, RgV Sam ix-106-6)
He is a thinker who is true to order. (RgV Sam x-2-2)
He brings profit to others through his wisdom. (RgV Sam x-44-4)
He is the bridge and the sage. (RgV Sam x-61-16)
He is wise. (RgV Sam x-89-8)
He is knowledgeable. (RgV Sam x-91-8)
He is a sage with insight. (RgV Sam x-91-3)
He foreknows well. (RgV Sam x-91-4)
He is pre-eminent for wisdom. (Vaj Sam xix-52)
He is regarded for his skills. (RgV Sam x-92-10)
He is the greatest sage and nothing is done even remotely without him.
(RgV Sam x-112-9)
He is the lord of intellect. (Mah Upa xlii-2)
He dispels darkness and releases from the bondage of ignorance. (Mah Upa lxxiii-1)
He kindles and wakes up men to knowledge. (Vaj Sam xxvii-2)
He is the brilliance. (Vaj Sam x-15)
He dispels darkness. (Ran Sam i-4-1-3-7)
He knows how to avoid destructive powers. (Ran Sam i-5-1-16)
He holds all knowledge. (Ran Sam i-1-2-5-4)
Efficiency Trait – Law Abiding
He is legitimately born and protector of law. (RgV Sam vii-20-6)
He strengthens law. (RgV Sam vii-66-13)
He is true to law. (RgV Sam viii-23-9)
He is faithful to law. (RgV Sam viii-65-12)
His laws stand firm. (RgV Sam viii-86-11)
He ordains laws like a Steer. (RgV Sam ix-64-1)
He is born in law and he waxes mighty by it. (RgV Sam ix-108-8)
He is a great consolidator of law. (RgV Sam x-65-3)
His laws shine high. (RgV Sam x-65-5)
He is the consolidator of laws. (RgV Sam x-65-7)
He enforces righteous laws throughout the land. (RgV Sam x-65-11)
He is true to eternal laws. (RgV Sam x-66-6)
He is deep skilled in laws. (Vaj Sam ix-18)
He obeys the order and is liberated from falsehood. (RgV Sam x-66-8)
He treads along the path of laws with success. (RgV Sam x-66-13)
He honours the law. (RgV Sam x-67-2)
He leads beyond pain and grief on lawful paths. (RgV Sam x-133-6)
His law is constant. (RgV Sam x-139-3)
He always obeys his laws. (RgV Sam x-149-3)
He is sustainer of laws. (Vaj Sam x-27)
He is mighty law. (Vaj Sam x-24)
He ordains laws. (Ran Sam i-6-1-2-8)
He stands secure by laws. (RgV Sam x-85-1)
Efficiency Trait – Control
He controls men. (RgV Sam vi-19-1)
He is controller of work. (RgV Sam vi-67-3)
He is the controller of various paths. (RgV Sam vii-18-16)
He is most liberal who controls others. (RgV Sam viii-16-1)
He brings intellect and controls all treasures. (RgV Sam x-30-12)
He is the chief controller of thoughts. (RgV Sam x-91-8)
He is the leader, director and minister. (RgV Sam x-91-10)
He is a mighty governor. (RgV Sam x-152-1)
He controls men. (Vaj Sam vii-39)
He controls chariot and reins in noble horses. (Vaj Sam x-22)
He is the controller. (Ran Sam i-4-1-4-6)
He corrects faults and failures of others. (RgV Sam x-2-4)
Efficiency Trait – Excellence
His deeds are excellent for evermore. (RgV Sam viii-15-10)
He is refulgent. (RgV Sam viii-44-4)
He fails not when marching forward. (Ran Sam i-5-1-2-7)
His excellence guides followers. (RgV Sam vi-48-20)
He has excellent designs. (RgV Sam iii-13-5)
He is excellent by thoughts. (RgV Sam iii-27-9)
He is excellent, noble and bright. (RgV Sam iii-27-10)
He possesses excellent glory and stimulates others. (RgV Sam iii-62-10)
He is excellently wise. (RgV Sam i-41-1)
He excels in majesty and vigour. (RgV Sam i-164-25)
He is most excellent with his tools of achievement of target.
(RgV Sam i-8-1, RgV Sam i-16-7, RgV Sam ii-24-8)
Efficiency Trait – Responsiveness
People call him for succour and assistance. (RgV Sam viii-57-5)
He is called by men from all the four directions and he responds instantly.
(RgV Sam viii-54-1)
He comes speedily and immediately. (RgV Sam viii-22-10, RgV Sam viii-69-10)
He runs forward to win great strength. (RgV Sam ix-110-1)
He is the one who quickens. (RgV Sam x-42-3)
He acts very swiftly. (RgV Sam x-76-5)
He is prompt. (RgV Sam x-93-8)
He is active. (RgV Sam viii-81-15)
He immediately responds to the calls of others. (Ran Sam i-1-2-5-4)
He is swift and firm to act. (Ran Sam i-3-1-1-7)
Efficiency Trait – Workmanship
He is most deft of workmen. (RgV Sam x-53-9)
His work deserves the wonder of men. (RgV Sam viii-57-3 Valakhilya)
He is a good worker. (Tai Sam i-6-6)
Efficiency Trait – Orientation To Act
He accomplishes mighty acts. (RgV Sam x-112-8)
He ushers in several deeds to their completion. (RgV Sam x-120-7)
He is the doer of many glorious deeds. (Vaj Sam x-28)
He is most active. (Ran Sam i-5-1-2-7)
Efficiency Trait – Communication
He is a skillful speaker. (Ran Sam i-6-1-5-11)
He roars like a lion in assembly. (Ran Sam x-67-9)
Emotional Trait – Compassion
He is lordly in his act. (RgV Sam vii-79-2)
He frees others from tribulations. (Tai Sam ii-4-2)
He helps, works for others and makes them wealthier. (RgV Sam viii-80-4)
He is kind. (RgV Sam x-15-11)
He is compassionate towards those who are physically challenged. (RgV Sam x-39-3)
He aids even the humble. (RgV Sam x-67-11)
He helps as a man to his wife. (RgV Sam x-149-4)
He is most kind hearted. (RgV Sam i-174-10)
He does not punish when men violate laws through lack of thought. (RgV Sam vii-89-5)
He is easy to approach just like a father to his son. (Vaj Sam iii-24)
He is a kind deliverer and gracious friend. (Vaj Sam iii-25)
He is very kind and gracious. (Vaj Sam x-28)
He is a comforter. (Ran Sam i-3-2-1-5)
He is benevolent. (Ran Sam i-6-1-2-12, Vaj Sam xxvi-23)
He is kind and bounteous. (Vaj Sam xxviii-38)
He comforts others. (Ran Sam i-6-1-5-8)
He is accessible like a father to his son. (Tai Sam i-5-6)
He never lets others weary. (RgV Sam ii-29-4)
Emotional Trait – Cheer
He cheers others. (RgV Sam ix-67-2)
He is ever young. (RgV Sam viii-45-3)
Emotional Trait – Friendliness
He is a wealthy and liberal ally. (RgV Sam ii-23-10)
He acts to the advantage of his followers. (RgV Sam iii-54-3)
He has a glorious fame. (RgV Sam iii-45-5)
He is rich in friends. (RgV Sam iv-4-15)
He is a friend with friends and sage among sages. (RgV Sam vi-32-4)
He concedes enough room to his subordinates. (RgV Sam vi-20-5, RgV Sam vi-23-7)
He is boundless and faithful. (RgV Sam vi-22-7)
He guards treasure of his subordinates. (RgV Sam vi-36-5)
He is a friend to aid, close to others for bliss. (RgV Sam viii-13-3)
He takes delight in being liberal. (RgV Sam viii-19-29)
He is like a friend to those who are law-abiding. (RgV Sam viii-23-8)
He is a friend. (RgV Sam vii-9-3)
He is dear, wise and noble. (RgV Sam vii-16-1)
He does not terrify others nor does he wound their hearts. (RgV Sam viii-68-8)
He sets others free and breaks not from friendship. (RgV Sam viii-75-4)
He is a friend sought after by friends and a friend for friends.
(RgV Sam ix-66-1, RgV Sam ix-66-4)
He is a sagacious viewer of mankind. (RgV Sam ix-78-2)
He is friend of all. (RgV Sam ix-67-1)
He is matchless and does not fail a friend. (RgV Sam x-89-3)
He is worthy of choice and a trusted friend to one who loves him. (RgV Sam x-91-1)
He provides freedom and total happiness. (RgV Sam x-100-1)
Men find enjoyment with him. (RgV Sam x-92-7)
As friend, he wins all living beings. (RgV Sam x-142-2)
He is one’s friend and father. (Mah Upa i-16)
He is a good friend. (Vaj Sam ix-20)
His friendship with others is smooth. (RgV Sam vi-48-18)
He is a friend who can be counted upon. (Ran Sam i-4-1-4-5)
He is wondrous, ever waxing friend. (Tai Sam iv-2-11)
Emotional Trait – Dignity
Dignity is his. (RgV Sam x-62-4)
Ethical Traits – Guardianship
He provides full security. (RgV Sam ii-41-12, RgV Sam ii-28-10)
He is the guardian of people. (RgV Sam iv-4-3)
He knows the way and guides others on the right path. (RgV Sam v-46-1)
He leads with his trusty guidance. (RgV Sam vi-45-1)
He is an excellent guardian who leads others to wealth with his careful guidance.
(RgV Sam vi-47-7)
He guards others safely over every peril. (RgV Sam vii-60-12)
He never aids and guides the wicked or deceiver. (RgV Sam vii-104-13)
He extends others perfect security. (RgV Sam viii-19-8)
He is protector of those who are firmly established. (Vaj Sam viii-8)
He protects, provides shelter and defence like birds spreading their wings.
(RgV Sam viii-47-3)
He guards others from each offence and fault. (RgV Sam viii-47-8)
He provides three layered strong shelter, secure, auspicious and devoid of malady.
(RgV Sam viii-47-10)
He leads men to pleasant ways. (RgV Sam viii-47-11)
He extends forceful resistance to those who injure. (RgV Sam viii-44-11)
He is wise and always watchful like a sage. (RgV Sam viii-44-29)
He offers shelter like a mighty cloak. (RgV Sam viii-79-6)
He bears like a boat over water. (RgV Sam ix-70-10)
He grants others adequate security. (RgV Sam ix-78-5, RgV Sam ii-41-12)
He protects and guards with continuous care. (RgV Sam x-7-7, RgV Sam x-12-6)
He guards from all protective spirits. (Vaj Sam xxxvii-12)
He guards laws of universe well. (RgV Sam x-37-5)
He protects other’s space and freedom. (RgV Sam x-42-11)
He is the director and provider. (RgV Sam x-54-5)
He leads safely from pain and grief to joy. (RgV Sam x-63-13)
He is auspicious and strong to guard. (RgV Sam x-92-9)
He is mighty, guards others and imparts strengths. (RgV Sam x-93-1)
He is the vigilant guard. (RgV Sam x-108-7)
He is the infallible protector. (RgV Sam x-128-6)
He shelters well fortifying thrice. (RgV Sam x-142-1)
People approach him just like a ship for safety. (RgV Sam x-178-2)
He steers men safely over troubles, drives away ill-feelings and provides peace and comfort.
(RgV Sam x-182-1)
He guards with care and foresight. (RgV Sam viii-81-15)
He is never negligent, guards with care. (RgV Sam viii-52-7 Valakhilya)
He provides safety. (Mah Upa i-42)
He grants welfare and eliminates evil. (Mah Upa i-49)
He grants safety and success. (Mah Upa i-52)
He steers across all perils like the captain of a ship. (Mah Upa ii-1)
He protects from bondage and defects. (Vaj Sam ii-20)
He is custodian of people. (Vaj Sam xiii-11)
He is the health provider. (RgV Sam i-92-18)
He strengthens welfare of people. (Vaj Sam ix-25)
He is the strength who imparts strength to others. (Vaj Sam x-25)
His strength is of the people. (Vaj Sam x-28)
He manfully guards from all the quarters. (RgV Sam vi-75-14)
He is secure. (Tai Sam i-6-2)
He is the guardian of treasure. (RgV Sam viii-88-8)
He rescues from all distress. (RgV Sam i-106-2)
He protects his men from dishonour. (RgV Sam iii-31-8)
Ethical Traits – Commitment
He swiftly attends his duties. (RgV Sam v-47-2)
He does not neglect his regular duty. (RgV Sam ii-38-1)
He is firm in his duty. (RgV Sam x-80-1)
He is active in his duty. (RgV Sam ix-14-2)
He is true to his duty. (RgV Sam viii-13-19)
Ethical Traits – Nobility
He is noble. (RgV Sam x-89-3)
He does great deeds spontaneously and to other’s advantage. (RgV Sam iv-19-10)
He is the noblest. (RgV Sam vi-67-1)
He is kind, loving and gracious. (RgV Sam vi-74-4)
He is the best of all and gracious even when others offend the law. (RgV Sam viii-48-9)
He is a sage who is venerable and cheerful. (RgV Sam viii-49-3)
He rises above men. (RgV Sam viii-49-16)
He is the noble winner and the chief of mighty deeds. (RgV Sam viii-46-20)
He is graciously inclined towards others. (Vaj Sam viii-4)
He is gentle in his thoughts. (RgV Sam viii-68-7)
He is nobler than the noble. (RgV Sam ix-97-3)
He is for greatness. (Vaj Sam xix-8)
He is not wicked and waxes great. (RgV Sam x-25-7)
He is bounteous and honourable among men. (RgV Sam x-61-15)
He is full of splendour. (RgV Sam x-91-15)
He is majestic. (RgV Sam x-93-3)
He possesses noble might. (RgV Sam x-100-6)
He is pure and he comes pure to others. (RgV Sam viii-84-8 to viii-84-9)
He is the people’s life. (RgV Sam viii-54-7 Valakhilya)
He does noblest work and impels others. (Vaj Sam i-1)
He is pure and inspires one to do noble deeds. (Vaj Sam i-13)
He is devoted to priesthood, nobility and kinsmen. (Vaj Sam i-17)
He is supporter of the learned, statesman and guide on the path of duty of different classes.
(Vaj Sam i-18)
He is propitious. (Vaj Sam xii-17)
He is laudable. (Vaj Sam ii-3)
He is full of grace and gracefully conducts others. (Vaj Sam ii-19)
His speech is lofty. (Ran Sam i-2-1-1-2)
He is a stalwart. (Ran Sam i-4-2-4-1)
He deserves to be admired. (Ran Sam i-4-2-5-7)
He is free from taint and blemish. (Ran Sam i-5-2-1-6)
He is untainted. (Ran Sam i-5-2-3-2)
He is a significant torchbearer of humanity. (Ran Sam i-5-2-5-8)
He is provider of aid. (Tai Sam i-7-13)
He is most adorable. (Tai Sam i-5-10)
Ethical Traits – Righteousness
He is righteous. (Vaj Sam xxvi-6)
He wrongs none. (RgV Sam vi-44-4)
He discerns truth and right from untruth. (RgV Sam x-124-5)
He is most auspicious. (Vaj Sam xii-39)
He is a reformer of thoughts and wishes. (Vaj Sam xxx-1)
He is honey-tongued. (RgV Sam i-44-6)
He is for the good of all. (Vaj Sam xxxvii-10)
He is flawless. (Vaj Sam i-31)
Ethical Traits – Humility
He is humble. (RgV Sam i-69-2)
Ethical Traits – Generosity
He is the most liberal provider. (RgV Sam viii-77-6)
He brings splendid and bounteous treasure to assist those who toil. (RgV Sam iv-2-13)
He drives away misfortune. (Vaj Sam xix-38)
He wins wealth and shares that with others. Men in strife call on him for succour.
(RgV Sam vii-21-7)
One cannot find limits of his generosity. (RgV Sam viii-46-11)
He makes others live joyously. (RgV Sam viii-73-6)
He dissolves misfortune of others. (RgV Sam ix-70-9)
He provides life and glory unto others. (RgV Sam ix-94-4)
He allows others gain all opulence through him. (RgV Sam ix-85-8)
He is the best benefactor of prosperity upon others. (RgV Sam ix-106-6)
He brings in gifts in plenty. (RgV Sam ix-108-13)
His strength attracts men. (RgV Sam vii-48-1)
He generates wealth by fair means. (RgV Sam vi-71-6)
He leads by fair path to riches. (Vaj Sam xl-16)
He concedes space to others. (RgV Sam viii-64-11)
Ethical Traits – Truthfulness
He speaks truth. (Tai Upa i-11)
He speaks the right and truth. (Tai Sam iv-7-2)
He smites untruth. (AtV Sam viii-4-12)
Ethical Trait – Fairness
He grants others their share of undivided riches. (RgV Sam x-112-10)
He punishes those who ill-treat others. (RgV Sam iv-41-4)
Ethical Traits – Faithfulness
He is the faithful one and people are loyal to him. (RgV Sam viii-54-7 Valakhilya)
He remains with his followers. (Mah Upa 77-1)
Ethical Traits – Sacrifice
He is an effectual sacrifice. (Ran Sam i-1-2-2-7)
He is single-minded. (Ran Sam i-5-2-3-2)
Disqualification of a Leader
Wickedness
A wicked man should not be leader. (RgV Sam ii-23-10)
Evil-Wisher
An evil-wisher should not master others. (Vaj Sam xxix-47)
Niggardliness
He shall not be unwise and niggardly. (Tai Sam iv-1-7)
He shall never be niggardly in thought. (RgV Sam vii-96-3)
Weakness
If a weak man undertakes a burden of responsibility, he shatters into pieces.
(Tai Sam vi-2-5)
One shall be free from weakness. A weak person is easily overpowered by his enemies.
(RgV Sam x-98-3, RgV Sam vi-46-6)
Election of a Leader
People elect their leader. (RgV Sam x-124-8)
He is one who is elected by men. (RgV Sam x-91-8)
The learned, assembled men elect their leader. (Vaj Sam xxvii-3)
Note : That reveals, concept of election has been here since time-immemorial. It is certainly not a legacy bequeathed by the extortionist and exploitative colonial masters of the country.
In addition to the above, Veda-s also expound in detail on subjects like Subordinate- / Strategic- / Rival- / Communication- / Thought- / Charity- / Companionship- / Friendship- / Guest- / Social- / Justice- / Culture- / Change- / Situation- / Succession- / Education- / Training- / Judiciary- / Agriculture- / Political- / Fiscal- / Security- / Value Systems-Management.
Abbreviations –
Ait Brah – Aitareya Brahmana Ait Ara – Aitareya Aranyaka
AtV Sam – Atharva Veda Samhita Brh Upa – Brhadaranyaka Upanisad
Cha Upa – Chandogya Upanisad Isa Upa – Isavasya Upanisad
Jai Sam – Jaiminiya Samhita Kat Brah – Katha Brahmana
Kat Sam – Katha Samhita Kat Upa – Katha Upanisad
Kau Brah – Kausitaki Brahmana Ken Upa – Kena Upanisad
KyV MaP – Krsna Yajur Veda Mantra Prasna
Mah Upa – Mahanarayana Upanisad Mai Sam – Maitrayani Samhita
Man Upa – Mandukya Upanisad Mun Upa – Mundaka Upanisad
Pan Brah – Pancavimsa Brahmana Pra Upa – Prasna Upanisad
Ran Sam – Ranayaniya Samhita RgV Sam – Rg Veda Samhita
Sat Brah – Satapatha Brahmana Sve Upa – Svetasvatara Upanisad
Tai Ara – Taittiriya Aranyaka Tai Brah – Taittiriya Brahmana
Tai Kat – Taittiriya Kathaka Tai Sam – Taittiriya Samhita
Tai Upa – Taittiriya Upanisad Tan Brah – Tandya Brahmana
Val Sam – Vajasaneyi Madhyamdina Samhita
Acknowledgement Note :- Contents were compiled from various sources, mainly from Vedic Management by Dr. S. Kannan, published by Taxmann’s. Owing to significance of the subject and consistent efforts to deride and diminish Vedic wisdom, author decided to present it in this form for the benefit of all without being a Vedic scholar himself.
